Hempel 1-3

The 'vital' sense refers to the ethically significant meaning of 'good' that must allow disagreement, have magnetism (motivating action), and not be verifiable solely by science. Stevenson argues traditional interest theories fail to capture this sense.

Traditional theories define 'good' descriptively (e.g., 'desired by me'), while Stevenson emphasizes emotive meaning—ethical terms are used dynamically to influence attitudes, not just describe facts.

G.E. Moore argued that for any definition of 'good', it remains an open question whether that thing is good. Stevenson replies that asking 'Is it good?' is asking for influence, not a factual check, so the open question is resolved by recognizing emotive meaning.

Sometimes, when disagreement in interest is rooted in disagreement in belief. But often empirical methods are insufficient; persuasion is needed to resolve deeper clashes of interest.

Magnetism means that recognizing something as 'good' must give a person a stronger tendency to act in its favor. This requirement rules out definitions like Hume's that rely on majority approval.

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